Complete Guide to Daichi-ji Temple (Shiga Prefecture) | The Charm of the Hourai Garden Designed by Kobori Enshu and the Shinjino Pond Built by Gyoki
Daichi-ji Temple (大池寺), situated in Minakuchi Town, Koka City, Shiga Prefecture, is a Rinzai Zen temple of the Myoshin-ji school tradition said to have been founded by Gyoki, a high priest of the Nara period. The unique landscape created by the beautiful azalea hedge trimming of the Hourai Garden, said to have been designed by Kobori Enshu, a garden designer of the early Edo period, and the four “Shinjino Ponds” that encircle the temple continue to captivate all who visit.
History and Origins of Daichi-ji Temple
Founding by Gyoki and the Shinjino Pond
The history of Daichi-ji Temple dates back to the Tenpyo era (729-784). According to temple records, when Gyoki, a priest of the Nara period, visited this area, he excavated four large reservoir ponds in the shape of the Chinese character “心” (heart/mind) to save farmers suffering from drought. These are called the “Shinjino Ponds,” irrigation facilities that remain surrounding the temple to this day.
Gyoki established a Hosso school temple called “Kantan-zan Shorenin” at approximately the center of these four ponds and enshrined a six-meter-tall Sakyamuni Buddha statue, carved by himself with great devotion, as the principal image. This is said to be the beginning of Daichi-ji Temple. The temple’s name “Daichi-ji” is believed to derive from these large ponds.
Conversion to Rinzai School and Development
Though originally a Hosso school temple, it later converted to the Rinzai school of Myoshin-ji and came to be called Ryugo-zan. During the Edo period, a connection formed with Kobori Enshu, who was involved in the construction of Minakuchi Castle and the development of the castle town, and the famous gardens that remain today are said to have been designed at this time.
The temple grounds are lined with the main hall, study rooms, tea house, and storehouse, creating a serene atmosphere befitting a Zen temple in an environment surrounded by hills.
The Charm and Highlights of the Hourai Garden
The Dry Landscape Garden Said to Have Been Designed by Kobori Enshu
The greatest attraction of Daichi-ji Temple is the Hourai Garden viewed from the study room. This garden is said to have been designed in the early Edo period by Kobori Enshu (小堀遠州), who constructed Minakuchi Castle, and is a contemplative dry landscape garden rich in Zen aesthetics.
Kobori Enshu is a charismatic garden designer whose name is inscribed in garden history, having designed numerous famous gardens including Katsura Imperial Villa and the Ninomaru Garden of Nijo Castle. The Hourai Garden of Daichi-ji Temple is highly evaluated as a masterpiece that embodies Enshu’s aesthetic sensibility.
Azalea Hedge Trimming Expressing the Great Ocean and the Treasure Ship
The garden’s characteristic feature is undoubtedly its magnificent azalea hedge trimming. In front of the study room are two-tiered large trimmings that express the great and small waves of the sea. These trimmings, positioned as if floating on pure white sand, symbolically represent the form of a treasure ship traveling across the great ocean.
The contrast between the deep green of the azaleas and the white sand is beautiful, and the curved elegance of the trimming never fails to captivate viewers. The entire garden expresses Hourai-zan (the mythical paradise of immortals), and as an auspicious design, it is cherished by many visitors.
Most Beautiful Time of Year to Visit
The period from late May to mid-June, when the azaleas bloom, is the most beautiful time for the Hourai Garden. During this season, red and white azaleas bloom abundantly at once, and the entire garden is vividly colored. The brilliant flower colors reflected against the white sand are spectacular, and many tourists visit from afar.
Even when the flowers are not blooming, one can enjoy the sculptural beauty of the trimming and the serene beauty of the white sand, and the garden displays different expressions throughout the seasons. The fresh greenery of spring and the winter garden adorned with snow are particularly charming.
Matcha Tea Experience in the Study Room
In the study room, one can enjoy matcha tea while viewing the garden (confirmation recommended). The time to savor a cup of tea while quietly contemplating this famous garden offers a luxurious respite from daily chaos. One can experience a heart-calming practice in the serene atmosphere characteristic of a Zen temple.
The Principal Image: Sakyamuni Buddha Statue and the Three Great Buddhas of Koka
The Six-Meter Buddha Said to Have Been Carved by Gyoki
Enshrined in the main hall of Daichi-ji Temple is a Sakyamuni Buddha statue designated as a Koka City cultural property. According to temple tradition, this Buddha image is a six-meter (approximately 4.8 meters) tall statue carved by Gyoki himself with utmost devotion—with each stroke of the chisel accompanied by three reverential bows.
“Roku-shaku” (six meters) refers to a standing image of one jo six shaku (approximately 4.8 meters) in height, or half that size for a seated image. The Sakyamuni Buddha statue at Daichi-ji sits in an imposing manner, warmly welcoming all who pay their respects.
One of the Three Great Buddhas of Koka
This Sakyamuni Buddha statue is counted among the three great Buddhas representative of the Koka region, known as the “Three Great Buddhas of Koka.” As a center of faith in the region, it has been cherished by people throughout its long history.
The time spent facing this historically significant Buddha image in the solemn atmosphere of the main hall brings peace to the heart.
The Shinjino Pond and Nasaka Daichi-ji Nature Park
The Landscape Created by Four Ponds
The “Shinjino Ponds,” which gave rise to the name of Daichi-ji Temple, are four large reservoir ponds that remain surrounding the temple to this day. These ponds, said to have been arranged by Gyoki in the shape of the Chinese character “心” (heart/mind), continue to be used as irrigation water today.
Though not directly visible from the temple grounds, walks through the surrounding area allow one to enjoy the rural landscape woven by ponds and paddies. The sight of irrigation facilities continuing in operation from the Nara period sparks the imagination with historical romance.
Nasaka Daichi-ji Nature Park
The area with the Shinjino Ponds has been developed as “Nasaka Daichi-ji Nature Park,” where visitors can enjoy walks in a nature-rich environment. Footpaths are maintained around the ponds, allowing for leisurely walks while observing seasonal wildflowers and wild birds.
Particularly from spring through early summer, the landscape of paddies preparing for planting and the ponds is beautiful, evoking a sense of Japan’s original pastoral scenery.
The Mysterious Submerged Torii Gate
One of the Shinjino Ponds is known for its “submerged torii gate.” The torii gate standing in the pond changes its appearance with water levels, creating a mystical atmosphere. This gate is said to be a remnant of a shrine that once stood in this location, representing an interesting historical structure that tells of the syncretic history of Shinto and Buddhism.
Highlights Within the Temple Grounds
The Gate and Temple Layout
Upon passing through the gate of Daichi-ji Temple, the main hall comes into view ahead. The temple grounds are orderly arranged with the main hall, study room, tea house, and storehouse standing in a line. The quiet environment surrounded by hills creates an atmosphere of calm most appropriate for a Zen temple.
The trees throughout the grounds are beautifully maintained, allowing one to feel the progression of nature through the seasons. Particularly during the season of fresh greenery and in autumn when leaves change color, the entire temple grounds becomes vibrant with color, delighting all who visit.
The 108th Biwako Sacred Site, Number 82
Daichi-ji Temple is also known as the eighty-second temple of the 108 Sacred Sites Around Lake Biwa. Many pilgrims on the pilgrimage circuit visit and can receive seal stamps.
Basic Information and Access to Daichi-ji Temple
Visiting Hours and Admission Fee
- Visiting Hours: 9:00 AM–5:00 PM (December: 9:00 AM–4:00 PM)
- Admission Fee: Approximately 400 yen for adults (please confirm latest information on the official website or by phone)
- Closed Days: Irregular (advance confirmation recommended)
- Inquiries: 0748-62-0396
How to Access
By Public Transportation
- From “Kiuki Station” on the JR Kusatsu Line, take the Koka City Community Bus Hirono Dai Line and get off at “Daichi-ji”
- From “Minakuchi Station” on the Ohmi Railway, approximately 20-minute walk (about 1.2 km northwest)
By Car
- Approximately 15 minutes from “Kona IC” on the Shin-Meishin Expressway
- Approximately 30 minutes from “Ritto IC” on the Meishin Expressway
- Parking available (free of charge)
Location
〒528-0035 Minakuchi Town, Koka City, Shiga Prefecture, 1168 Nasaka
Recommended Sightseeing Spots Around Daichi-ji Temple
Minakuchi Castle Ruins
The ruins of Minakuchi Castle, said to have been constructed by Kobori Enshu, who also designed the Hourai Garden at Daichi-ji. A museum now stands on the site of the Demaru Turret, where visitors can learn about the history of Minakuchi Castle and the culture of the Koka region. Located approximately 10 minutes by car from Daichi-ji.
Koka Shinobi-no-Sato (The Koka Mochizuki Clan’s Former Residence)
A valuable facility where one can view an actual residence of Koka ninja. Visitors can experience the wisdom and ingenuity of ninja through various mechanisms and hidden rooms. A popular spot enjoyed by both children and adults, located approximately 15 minutes by car from Daichi-ji.
MIHO MUSEUM
An art museum designed by world-renowned architect I.M. Pei, where nature and architecture harmoniously blend. It boasts a high-quality collection of ancient art and tea ceremony utensils. Located approximately 30 minutes by car from Daichi-ji.
Kashikofuka-Yume-no-Mori
A nature-rich park with walking paths and athletic facilities, popular with families. Visitors can enjoy the natural scenery of each season in a relaxed atmosphere.
Gourmet Information Around Daichi-ji Temple
Farmers Kitchen Vege Rice
A farm restaurant where dishes utilizing abundant fresh local vegetables can be enjoyed. Certified as a Farmers Kitchen by the Kansai Broad Area Alliance, it provides delicious meals emphasizing local production for local consumption. Recommended for health-conscious visitors.
Hanano-Ka Market Kiuki Branch
A direct sales outlet certified by the Kansai Broad Area Alliance, selling fresh local vegetables, fruits, and processed products. Abundant local specialties are available, making it ideal for souvenir shopping.
gallery mamma mia & patisserie MiA
A unique establishment combining a gallery and patisserie. Visitors can enjoy delicious cakes and sweets while viewing art works. Perfect for afternoon tea after a visit to Daichi-ji.
Accommodations Around Daichi-ji Temple
Koka Onsen Yappompon-no-Yu
A day-trip hot spring facility with adjoining lodging. Visitors can relax in natural hot springs and enjoy cuisine prepared with local ingredients.
Minakuchi Century Hotel
A business hotel located in the Minakuchi town center, convenient as a sightseeing base. Offers comfortable accommodation at reasonable rates.
Nearby Onsen Inns
In the Shigaraki direction, there are hot spring inns in Shigaraki Onsen, known as a ceramic art village. Many inns feature ceramic baths and traditional multi-course meals using local ingredients, ideal for a leisurely stay.
Precautions and Etiquette When Visiting Daichi-ji Temple
Photography
Photography of the garden and temple grounds is generally permitted, but certain areas such as Buddha images in the main hall have photography restrictions. Always confirm in advance and follow instructions. Be mindful of other visitors as well.
Dress and Belongings
When visiting a temple, avoid clothing with excessive exposure and wear subdued attire. Since shoes are removed when entering the study room, easily removable footwear is recommended. In summer, when sunlight is strong, a hat or parasol is helpful.
Quiet Appreciation
Daichi-ji is a Zen temple, and appreciating the garden in silence is essential to its appeal. Refrain from loud conversation and be considerate of other visitors.
Why You Should Visit Daichi-ji Temple
Daichi-ji Temple possesses three major attractions: its history continuing from the Nara period, the famous garden said to have been designed by Kobori Enshu, and the Shinjino Pond created by Gyoki. The Hourai Garden’s azalea hedge trimming, in particular, is a precious place where one can experience the pinnacle of Japanese garden aesthetics.
Compared with famous temples in Kyoto and Nara, fewer people visit, allowing for quiet garden appreciation—another major appeal. Many visitors are surprised, saying “there is such a wonderful place in Shiga Prefecture,” and the temple attracts many repeat visitors as a hidden gem.
When visiting the Koka region, be sure to visit Daichi-ji Temple and spend peaceful moments in a space where history and beauty harmonize. The Hourai Garden, which embodies Kobori Enshu’s aesthetic sensibility, and the Shinjino Pond, born from Gyoki’s compassion, will surely impart deep emotion to all who visit.
