Futamatsu Castle Ruins Shiroyama Park (Shizuoka Prefecture) Complete Guide: History, Highlights, and Access Information
Located in Tenryu Ward, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka Prefecture, Futamatsu Castle Ruins Shiroyama Park is a nationally designated historic site that conveys the turbulent history of the Sengoku period to the present day. Surrounded by the Tenryu River and Futamatsu River, it served as a natural stronghold where Tokugawa Ieyasu and Takeda Shingen engaged in fierce battles, and is also known as the place where Ieyasu’s eldest son, Nobuyasu, met a tragic end. This article comprehensively introduces information you should know before visiting, from the historical background of Futamatsu Castle Ruins to current attractions, seasonal charms, and detailed access information.
What is Futamatsu Castle Ruins Shiroyama Park?
Futamatsu Castle Ruins Shiroyama Park is a historical park developed from the ruins of a medieval mountain castle built on a hill approximately 90 meters above sea level. Currently designated as a national historic site as “Futamatsu Castle Ruins and Tobayama Castle Ruins,” the castle fortifications from the Sengoku period are preserved in good condition.
Located at the confluence point of the Tenryu River and the old Futamatsu River, it functioned as a natural stronghold surrounded on three sides by rivers. Due to this geographical advantage, it became a crucial stronghold over which the great daimyo of the Sengoku period—the Imagawa, Takeda, and Tokugawa clans—fiercely competed.
Currently developed as Shiroyama Park, remnants such as the main citadel, secondary citadel, castle tower base, stone walls, and earth ramparts remain, making it a valuable spot where one can experience the castle architecture of the Sengoku period. With approximately 100 Somei Yoshino cherry blossoms blooming in spring, it is a famous cherry blossom viewing spot, and in autumn, it becomes a noted autumn foliage destination, attracting many tourists and history enthusiasts as one of Shizuoka Prefecture’s representative tourist attractions.
History of Futamatsu Castle
Construction through the Imagawa Period
The construction of Futamatsu Castle is said to have been undertaken in Bunki 3 (1503) by Futamatsu Oumi no Kami Masanaga, a retainer of the Imagawa clan. At the time, this region was located near the border between Suruga and Totomi provinces and occupied a strategically vital position as a key point on the Tokaido route.
During the period of Imagawa control, Futamatsu Castle functioned as an administrative base in eastern Totomi Province, with the local Futamatsu clan serving as castle lords. It held the role of controlling water transportation on the Tenryu River and guarding a crucial point in east-west traffic.
Conflict between the Takeda and Tokugawa Clans
Futamatsu Castle came into the spotlight of history from 1568 onward, when the Imagawa clan declined and Takeda Shingen and Tokugawa Ieyasu began competing for control of Totomi Province.
In 1572, Takeda Shingen launched a large-scale western campaign and attacked Futamatsu Castle. At this time, the Takeda army employed a cunning tactic called the “Futamatsu Castle Water Source Attack.” They cut off the water intake route from the Tenryu River, the castle’s water source, leaving the castle interior in water shortage. Through this strategy, Futamatsu Castle fell into Takeda hands.
Even after Takeda Shingen’s death, Futamatsu Castle remained under Takeda control through the era of Takeda Katsuyori, but after the Takeda clan suffered a major defeat at the Battle of Nagashino in 1575, Tokugawa Ieyasu succeeded in recapturing Futamatsu Castle. During this period, the Takeda clan undertook major reconstruction of the castle, and the foundations of the stone walls and arrangement of enclosures visible today were formed.
The Tragedy of Tokugawa Nobuyasu
No discussion of Futamatsu Castle would be complete without mention of the tragedy of Tokugawa Ieyasu’s legitimate son, Matsudaira Nobuyasu. In 1579, acting under orders from Oda Nobunaga, Ieyasu imprisoned his own son Nobuyasu in Futamatsu Castle and ordered his death by seppuku.
Nobuyasu was only 21 years old at the time. Various political factors were involved in this tragedy—suspicions of collaboration with the Takeda clan and conflicts with his mother, Tsuchiyama-dono—but this tragic event in which a father drove his own son to death is remembered to this day as an incident symbolizing the ruthlessness of the Sengoku period.
Edo Period and Beyond
After the Tokugawa clan achieved unification, Futamatsu Castle was placed under the control of the Horio clan, and infrastructure improvements proceeded. Various facilities including the castle tower base were constructed during this period. However, with the onset of the Edo period, strategic importance declined and the castle was eventually abandoned.
From the Meiji period onward, the castle ruins were preserved, and from the 1950s onward, development as Shiroyama Park progressed. In 2006, it was designated as a national historic site together with the adjacent Tobayama Castle Ruins as “Futamatsu Castle Ruins and Tobayama Castle Ruins,” continuing to the present day.
Attractions and Structure of Shiroyama Park
Castle Tower Base
The greatest attraction of Futamatsu Castle Ruins is the castle tower base approximately 4.5 meters high at the innermost part of the main citadel. Constructed with stone walls built by the natural stone stacking method (nomenzumi), this castle tower base is a precious remnant conveying stone wall techniques from the Sengoku period through the early Edo period.
From the top of the castle tower base, a spectacular view unfolds, allowing one to see the flow of the Tenryu River, the cityscape of Hamamatsu, and even distant views of the Southern Alps. Imagining the historical landscape from which the castle lords once surveyed their domains is deeply moving.
The stone walls employ the natural stone stacking technique of piling natural stones as they are, with gaps appearing numerous and rough. Compared to later cutting and embedding or driven embedding techniques, this represents less advanced technology, but it has the charm of directly conveying the breath of the era.
Main Citadel and Secondary Citadel
The main citadel is the center of the castle, where major facilities including the castle tower base were positioned. Currently developed as an open plaza, portions of earth ramparts and stone walls remain. The main citadel is surrounded by high earth ramparts with various anti-intrusion measures visible throughout.
The secondary citadel is located to the east of the main citadel and served as an important defensive position protecting the main citadel. The structure of enclosures arranged in steps is castle-specific layout utilizing mountain terrain, designed to divide attacking forces and enable fighting advantageous to the defensive side.
Kuichigai Koguchi (Staggered Castle Gate)
Along the climbing route leading from the northern enclosure to the main citadel stands a defensive facility called the kuichigai koguchi. This clever defense structure intentionally staggers castle gates rather than placing them in a straight line, thereby preventing enemy charges and enabling attacks from the flanks.
When passing through the kuichigai koguchi along the route from the front entrance to the main citadel via the northern enclosure, one can experience the ingenuity of Sengoku-period castle architecture. Walking through the actual site allows visitors to sense the psychological warfare that unfolded between attackers and defenders.
Stone Walls and Earth Ramparts
The stone walls and earth ramparts scattered throughout the castle grounds speak to Futamatsu Castle’s defensive strength. Particularly the stone walls surrounding the main citadel and secondary citadel were reinforced during the Takeda clan’s reconstruction, with the era’s most advanced technology invested in them.
Earth ramparts are defensive walls formed by piling earth, which when combined with stone walls created sturdy defensive lines. Ramparts several meters high remain visible today, striking visitors with their impressive scale.
Relationship with Tobayama Castle Ruins
Approximately 1 kilometer northwest of Futamatsu Castle stands Tobayama Castle Ruins. Tobayama Castle functioned as a branch castle of Futamatsu Castle, and the two worked in concert to defend the region.
Tobayama Castle is a mountain castle built at the summit of approximately 100 meters elevation, positioned at a distance where visual communication with Futamatsu Castle was possible. The manner in which these two castles formed an integrated defensive network represents an exemplary case of Sengoku-period castle networks worthy of scholarly attention. For those with time to spare, visiting Tobayama Castle Ruins as well enables a deeper understanding of the defensive systems of the Sengoku period.
Seasonal Charms
Spring Cherry Blossoms
Shiroyama Park is known as one of Shizuoka Prefecture’s finest cherry blossom viewing destinations. From late March through early April each year, approximately 100 Somei Yoshino cherry trees bloom in unison, painting the entire castle ruins in shades of pink.
The cherry blossoms around the main citadel are particularly spectacular, creating an exquisite contrast between ancient stone walls and blossoms. The sea of cherry blossoms viewed from the castle tower base is breathtaking, making it a popular photography spot for many photographers.
During cherry blossom season, the park fills with local residents and tourists enjoying flower viewing. The area is sometimes illuminated at night, allowing visitors to enjoy the ethereal beauty of night cherry blossoms.
Summer Verdure
From early summer through mid-summer, the entire castle ruins are enveloped in vibrant green. With trees in full leaf, one can enjoy forest bathing while touring the historical site.
The cool breeze from the Tenryu River provides relief, making temperatures feel lower than in the city, earning the site popularity as a retreat from summer heat. Listening to cicada calls while walking through the ruins allows one to imagine that Sengoku-period warlords may have viewed this same scenery.
Autumn Foliage
From mid to late November, Shiroyama Park attracts numerous tourists as a noted autumn foliage destination. Japanese maples and ginkgos color the landscape in reds and yellows, creating beautiful vistas in harmony with stone walls and earth ramparts.
The view from the castle tower base is particularly magnificent, with multicolored foliage, the flow of the Tenryu River, and distant mountains creating a truly spectacular landscape. The foliage season is less crowded than cherry blossom season, allowing visitors to enjoy leisurely strolls.
Winter Quiet
In winter, Shiroyama Park receives few visitors, offering a quiet atmosphere in which to reflect on history. With fallen leaves exposing stone walls and earth ramparts, the castle grounds are ideal for observing castle layout structure.
On clear days, one can view snow-capped Southern Alps peaks from the castle tower base, enjoying winter’s unique spectacular scenery.
Access Information
Access by Public Transportation
Using Tenryu Hamanako Railway
The nearest station is Futamatsu Honmachi Station on the Tenryu Hamanako Railway. From the station to Shiroyama Park is approximately a 10-minute walk, providing excellent access.
- Transfer to Tenryu Hamanako Railway at Kakegawa Station on the JR Tokaido Main Line; disembark at Futamatsu Honmachi Station
- Board Enshu Railway bus from Hamamatsu Station on the JR Tokaido Main Line; disembark at Futamatsu, followed by approximately 15-minute walk
Signage is provided from Futamatsu Honmachi Station to the park, ensuring you won’t get lost. The surrounding area preserves old-fashioned streetscapes, making strolling toward the park enjoyable.
Access by Automobile
From the Tomei Expressway
- Approximately 30 minutes from Hamamatsu IC via National Route 152
- Approximately 40 minutes from Fukuroi IC via National Route 1 and Prefectural Route 58
From the Shin-Tomei Expressway
- Approximately 25 minutes from Hamamatsu Hamaakira IC via Prefectural Route 45 and National Route 152
Shiroyama Park is equipped with a free parking lot. Approximately 10 parking spaces are available near the northern enclosure entrance, with congestion possible during weekends and cherry blossom/autumn foliage seasons. Early arrival is recommended.
Parking Information
- Location: Near northern enclosure entrance
- Capacity: Approximately 10 vehicles
- Fee: Free
- Hours: Open 24 hours
From the parking lot to the climbing entrance, it is only a short walk, providing very convenient access. However, during cherry blossom and autumn foliage seasons and event days, the lot may fill. Consideration of public transportation is recommended.
Tourism Information and Facility Guide
Basic Information
- Address: Futamatsu-machi Futamatsu, Tenryu Ward, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka Prefecture
- Hours: Open daily (nighttime visits not recommended for safety reasons)
- Admission: Free
- Suggested Duration: Approximately 1 to 2 hours (for thorough sightseeing)
- Inquiries: Tenryu Ward Office, Hamamatsu City 053-922-0033
Sightseeing Tips
Park sightseeing typically follows a route entering from the front climbing entrance, passing through the northern enclosure, main citadel, and castle tower base in sequence. The overall elevation change is approximately 40 meters with numerous stairs and slopes, so comfortable shoes are recommended.
Sightseeing duration is approximately 1 to 2 hours when leisurely enjoying photography and scenery. Those with historical interest will enjoy a deeper experience if they research Futamatsu Castle’s history beforehand.
Clothing and Belongings
- Footwear: Comfortable sneakers or hiking boots recommended
- Clothing: Comfortable movement clothes; sun hat and sunscreen in summer; warm clothing in winter
- Belongings: Drinking water, camera, binoculars (for scenery enjoyment)
- Rainy weather: Extra caution needed as stone steps and earth paths become slippery
Nearby Facilities
Several tourist spots surround Shiroyama Park:
Tenryu Futamatsu Station
A main station on Tenryu Hamanako Railway, preserving railway heritage including a turntable and fan-shaped engine house. An unmissable spot for railway enthusiasts.
Akiba Shrine
The Lower Shrine of Akibayama Hongu Akiba Shrine, known as the fire-prevention deity. Located approximately 20 minutes by car from Futamatsu Castle.
Tenryu River
The Tenryu River flowing near the castle ruins offers activities including canoeing and rafting.
Dining and Rest
No shop or dining facilities exist within Shiroyama Park, but several local eateries and cafes are found near Futamatsu Honmachi Station. Sampling regional specialties such as Hamamatsu gyoza and Lake Hamana eel is recommended.
Additionally, benches are provided throughout the park, allowing picnic-style dining with packed meals.
Events and Activities
Various events occur at Shiroyama Park throughout the year.
Cherry Blossom Festival
Cherry blossom festival events are occasionally held in early April to coincide with bloom season, organized by local tourism associations. Night cherry blossom illumination and local merchandise sales attract many flower-viewing visitors.
History Lectures and Guided Tours
The Hamamatsu City Board of Education and local history enthusiast groups periodically conduct history lectures and guided tours. Hearing expert commentary while touring the ruins enables deeper understanding of Futamatsu Castle’s history.
Event schedules can be confirmed on the Hamamatsu City official website and tourism association site.
Autumn Foliage Illumination
During autumn foliage season, limited-period nighttime illumination is sometimes provided. Experience autumn foliage and historic structures in a fantastical nighttime atmosphere distinct from daytime.
Nearby Tourist Attractions
Combining visits to nearby attractions when visiting Futamatsu Castle Ruins Shiroyama Park enriches your trip.
Tobayama Castle Ruins
As noted, Tobayama Castle Ruins, which functioned as a branch castle, is within walking distance (approximately 30 minutes). Designated as a national historic site together with Futamatsu Castle Ruins, visiting both allows experiencing the Sengoku-period castle network firsthand.
Hamamatsu Castle
Hamamatsu Castle, built by Tokugawa Ieyasu, lies approximately 30 minutes by car from Futamatsu Castle. Known as the castle of Ieyasu’s rise to power, where he spent 17 years, it features a restored castle tower. Combined visits enable historical tours centered on locations associated with Ieyasu.
Hoang Kuoji Temple
The head temple of the Rinzai Zen sect Hoang Kuoji-ha, located approximately 15 minutes by car from Futamatsu Castle. It features beautiful gardens and historically significant structures.
Tenryu River Boat Rides
Tenryu River boat rides enable experiencing why Futamatsu Castle functioned as a natural stronghold. Viewing the castle ruins from the river clarifies its strategic importance.
Photography Spots and Photo Gallery
Shiroyama Park is also popular as a photography destination. Featured below are particularly recommended photography points.
Castle Tower Base Panorama
The castle tower base top offers 360-degree panoramic views. Beautiful photographs capture the Tenryu River flow, Hamamatsu cityscape, and Southern Alps peaks. Sunset photography is particularly recommended.
Stone Walls with Cherry Blossoms and Autumn Foliage
Compositions combining natural stone-stacked stone walls with cherry blossoms or autumn foliage produce characteristically refined castle ruin photographs. Main citadel-area stone walls are particularly popular photography locations.
Kuichigai Koguchi
This historically valuable Sengoku-period defensive facility serves as an excellent photographic subject. Capturing the complex arrangement of stone walls and earth ramparts records the intricacy of castle architecture.
Tenryu River Combinations
Angles overlooking the Tenryu River from the ruins’ elevation visually express Futamatsu Castle’s natural stronghold character. Capturing river flow and castle ruins in a single photograph effectively communicates geographical features.
Precautions When Visiting
Safety
- The castle ruins feature numerous stairs and slopes with unstable footing in places. Please wear comfortable shoes.
- Stone steps and earth paths become slippery when wet from rain or after rainfall; special care is necessary.
- Summer visits should include insect repellent spray.
- Nighttime visits are not recommended for safety reasons (except during illumination events).
Etiquette
- This is a precious cultural asset designated as a national historic site. Please take care not to damage stone walls or earth ramparts.
- Always carry away all trash.
- Smoking in non-smoking areas is strictly forbidden.
- Plant collection and animal feeding are prohibited.
Other Notes
- Restrooms are located near the parking lot.
- No vending machines are installed; please prepare drinking water beforehand.
- Wheelchair and baby stroller access is difficult due to numerous stairs and slopes.
Conclusion: The Appeal of Futamatsu Castle Ruins Shiroyama Park
Futamatsu Castle Ruins Shiroyama Park is a precious location where one can experience the romance of Sengoku-period history. As the stage for fierce battles between Tokugawa Ieyasu and Takeda Shingen and the tragic death of Ieyasu’s eldest son Nobuyasu, this historically significant site preserves structures such as the castle tower base and stone walls in good condition.
The views from the elevated location overlooking the Tenryu River are magnificent, and seasonal natural beauty—spring cherry blossoms and autumn foliage—can be enjoyed. With convenient access from the Hamamatsu city area and free admission, it is an easily accessible tourist destination.
Recommended for history enthusiasts, those enjoying natural scenery walks, photography hobbyists, and families seeking outings. When visiting Shizuoka Prefecture, be sure to visit Futamatsu Castle Ruins Shiroyama Park and experience the breath of the Sengoku period.
Combined visits to adjacent Tobayama Castle Ruins and nearby Hamamatsu Castle create an even more rewarding historical exploration journey. While gazing at the majestic flow of the Tenryu River and reflecting on the historical drama that unfolded here, we recommend spending time at leisure.
