Saimyoji Temple (Mashiko Town, Tochigi) Complete Guide | History, Cultural Properties, Temple Stamps, and Access Information
Saimyoji Temple (西明寺), located in Mashiko, Haga District, Tochigi Prefecture, is an ancient temple of the Shingon Buzan school said to have been founded in 737 (Tenpei 9) by the high priest Gyoki Bodhisattva. With the mountain name Dokkosan and the temple name Zenmonin, this temple serves as the 20th pilgrimage site of the Bando Thirty-Three Kannon Pilgrimage Route and the 13th site of the Shimotsuke Thirty-Three Kannon, welcoming many worshippers.
The principal image is the Eleven-Faced Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva, also known by the name “Mashiko Kannon.” The temple grounds contain three nationally designated Important Cultural Properties, making it a precious place where one can appreciate historically significant structures in a nature-rich environment.
History of Saimyoji Temple
Founding and Establishment
Saimyoji Temple is said to have been founded in 737 (Tenpei 9), with the high priest Gyoki Bodhisattva from the Nara period serving as its founder. Gyoki is known as a Buddhist monk who contributed to the construction of the Great Buddha at Todaiji Temple and left traces of establishing temples throughout Japan.
According to temple tradition, when Gyoki visited this area, he threw a vajra (a type of Buddhist ritual implement), from which a sacred spring gushed forth. This is said to be the origin of the temple’s mountain name, “Dokkosan.” This legend demonstrates that Saimyoji was recognized as a spiritually blessed sacred site.
Changes from Medieval to Early Modern Times
From the Heian period through the Kamakura period, Saimyoji Temple developed as a center for Kannon worship. When the Bando Thirty-Three Kannon Pilgrimage Route was established, the temple became the 20th site and attracted many pilgrims, with the temple’s scale expanding accordingly.
During the late Muromachi period (1532-1555), the major structures visible today were built. In particular, the three-tiered pagoda constructed in 1538 (Tenmon 7) stands as a masterpiece of architectural technique from this period and continues to stand majestically on the temple grounds.
While suffering some damage from warfare during the Sengoku period, after entering the Edo period, the temple received patronage from the Tokugawa shogunate, with temple lands being granted and temple buildings being repaired. During this period, the temple’s foundation as a religious institution was established, completing the pagoda arrangement that continues to this day.
Saimyoji Temple in the Modern Era
Despite the effects of the Meiji-period anti-Buddhist and destruction of temples movement, Saimyoji Temple continued to exist as the spiritual center of the region. In the Showa period, protection of valuable cultural properties advanced, and the three-tiered pagoda, gate tower, and altar shrine within the main hall were designated as National Important Cultural Properties.
Today, beyond its role as a pilgrimage site, Saimyoji is positioned as an important tourism resource for Mashiko Town, with many worshippers and tourists visiting throughout the year.
Notable Sights on the Temple Grounds
Gate Tower (Nationally Designated Important Cultural Property)
The gate tower that graces the entrance to Saimyoji Temple is a precious structure built in the late Muromachi period in pure Tang style (Zen Buddhist style). It features a two-story two-tiered gate format, characterized by vermillion-painted pillars and a roof with elegant curves.
The architectural style of the gate tower was strongly influenced by contemporary China (Song and Yuan dynasties), with fine carvings and bracketing showing techniques unique to Tang style. The positioning of pillars and the composition of bracket arms faithfully reproduce the style seen in mountain gates of Zen temples, making it historically important from an architectural perspective.
Deva Kings statues are enshrined on the left and right sides of the gate, welcoming worshippers. After passing through the gate tower, the temple grounds spread out, enveloped in stillness, heightening the sense of reverence for worship.
Three-Tiered Pagoda (Nationally Designated Important Cultural Property)
The three-tiered pagoda, which can be said to be the symbol of Saimyoji Temple, was built in 1538 (Tenmon 7) and boasts an imposing figure at approximately 25 meters in height. The greatest feature of this pagoda is the fusion of three architectural styles: Japanese style, Tang style, and eclectic style.
The first level is based on Japanese style, but as one ascends to the second and third levels, Tang style elements become stronger, forming an overall harmonious and beautiful appearance. The eaves projection of each level, the curve of the roof, the positioning of bracket arms and other details all show carefully calculated design.
Inside the pagoda are enshrined the Five Wisdom Buddhas centered on Mahavairocana Buddha, according to tradition. The appearance of the three-tiered pagoda in harmony with the surrounding natural environment presents a different face with each season, and many photography enthusiasts visit especially during the cherry blossom and autumn foliage seasons.
Main Hall and Principal Image
The main hall was rebuilt during the Edo period and features a weighty architecture with a hip-and-gable roof. Inside the hall, the principal image, the Eleven-Faced Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva, is enshrined, but as a secret Buddha, it is normally not open to the public. It is only unveiled on special occasions during religious services.
Inside the main hall is a nationally designated Important Cultural Property altar shrine, where one can observe the precise woodworking techniques of the Muromachi period. Fine carvings decorate the doors and pillars of the altar shrine, testifying to the high level of craftsmanship of the artisans of that time.
Laughing Enma Statue
The most unique Buddhist image at Saimyoji is the “laughing Enma.” While Enma Daio (Yama, the king of hell) is generally depicted with a frightening expression, Saimyoji’s Enma statue has the rare appearance of a gentle smile.
This smiling Enma statue is said to express the teaching that “if you do nothing wrong, there is nothing to fear,” giving worshippers a sense of peace. Enshrined in the Enma Hall, many worshippers visit to see this unusual statue.
On both sides of the Enma statue are placed statues of Shimei and Shiroku, officials of the underworld, creating a space expressing the world after death.
Other Temple Facilities
Bell Tower and Temple Bell
There is a bell tower on the grounds with a temple bell that is a Tochigi Prefecture-designated tangible cultural property. This bell dates to the early Edo period and produces an elegant tone.
Shibuichi Thicket
The forest of shibuichi trees surrounding the temple grounds is protected as the Tochigi Prefecture-designated natural monument “Saimyoji Shibuichi Thicket.” Many ancient trees exceed several hundred years in age, creating a mystical atmosphere. This shibuichi thicket is also highly valued for its academic importance as the northernmost distribution point of warm-region plants in the Kanto region.
Kannon Hall
Separate from the main hall, there is a Kannon Hall where worshippers can offer their prayers to Kannon in a more intimate setting.
Sutras and Charms Office
The office where temple stamps and amulets are received is located near the main hall. One can receive temple stamps for both the Bando Thirty-Three Kannon and the Shimotsuke Thirty-Three Kannon.
Details of Cultural Properties
Nationally Designated Important Cultural Properties
Saimyoji Temple has three nationally designated Important Cultural Properties, all conveying the excellent architectural techniques of the Muromachi period to the present day.
Three-Tiered Pagoda
Designation date: June 9, 1960
Built: 1538 (Tenmon 7)
Structure: Three-bay three-tiered pagoda, shingled with wooden shingles
Gate Tower
Designation date: June 9, 1960
Built: Late Muromachi period
Structure: Three-bay one-entrance gate tower, hip-and-gable roof, copper sheet roof (originally shingled with wooden shingles)
Altar Shrine within Main Hall
Designation date: June 9, 1960
Crafted: Muromachi period
Structure: Wooden construction, lacquered finish, metal ornaments
Tochigi Prefecture-Designated Cultural Properties
Temple Bell (Tochigi Prefecture-Designated Tangible Cultural Property)
Cast in the early Edo period, inscriptions on the bell allow one to know the date of manufacture and the name of the metalworker.
Saimyoji Temple Grounds (Tochigi Prefecture-Designated Historic Site)
The entire temple is designated as a historic site of historical significance.
Shibuichi Thicket (Tochigi Prefecture-Designated Natural Monument)
Protected as an academically valuable plant community.
The Bando Thirty-Three Kannon Pilgrimage Route
Saimyoji as a Pilgrimage Site
Saimyoji Temple has served as the 20th pilgrimage site of the Bando Thirty-Three Kannon Pilgrimage Route for a long time, welcoming many pilgrims. The Bando Thirty-Three Kannon is a pilgrimage visiting 33 Kannon pilgrimage sites scattered throughout the Kanto region (Bando), said to have been established in the Kamakura period.
Together with the Saikoku Thirty-Three Kannon and the Chichibu Thirty-Four Kannon, these are referred to as the “One Hundred Kannon,” and completing the pilgrimage of all these sites is said to accrue great merit.
Temple Verse
The temple verse for Saimyoji is as follows:
“If you seek to understand
The vow of Kannon here
Your final dwelling place
Will surely be in the Western Pure Land”
This verse expresses the teaching that if one seeks to understand Kannon’s compassionate vow, one’s ultimate place of peaceful dwelling will be in the Western Pure Land of Paradise.
Nearby Pilgrimage Sites
19th Site: Otani Temple (Utsunomiya City, Tochigi Prefecture)
20th Site: Saimyoji Temple (Mashiko, Haga District, Tochigi Prefecture) ← This temple
21st Site: Nichirin Temple (Hitachi-Ota City, Ibaraki Prefecture)
Pilgrims traditionally visit these sites in order, though nowadays pilgrimage by car or bus is common.
Temple Stamps and Sutra Inscriptions
Types of Temple Stamps
Saimyoji Temple offers the following temple stamps:
- Bando Thirty-Three Kannon 20th Site Temple Stamp
With “Eleven-Faced Avalokiteshvara Bodhisattva” written in ink in the center, “Respectfully Worshipped” in the upper right, and “Dokkosan Saimyoji” in the lower left, with red seals
- Shimotsuke Thirty-Three Kannon 13th Site Temple Stamp
Temple stamp for those on the Shimotsuke Thirty-Three Kannon pilgrimage
- Special Temple Stamps
Limited-edition stamps may be issued according to the season or special services
Sutra Inscription Hours
- April–October: 8:00–17:00
- November–March: 8:00–16:30
Hours may change during year-end and New Year periods or on days of special services, so advance confirmation is recommended.
Sutra Inscription Fees
- Temple stamp: 300 yen
- Recording in stamp book: 300 yen
- Sacred image: Additional fee
Annual Events and Services
Principal Services and Events
New Year Celebrations (January 1–3)
Crowded with worshippers praying for health and well-being throughout the year.
Setsubun Service (around February 3)
Events including bean-throwing are held.
Spring Equinox Service (around March equinox)
Memorial services for ancestors are conducted.
Birthday of Buddha (April 8)
A service celebrating the birth of Shakyamuni Buddha is held.
Kannon’s Holy Day (18th of each month)
Special services are held on Kannon’s holy day.
Autumn Equinox Service (around September equinox)
Ancestor memorial services are held as in spring.
New Year’s Eve Bell Ringing (December 31)
The temple bell is rung on New Year’s Eve, and worshippers can also ring the bell.
Access Information
Location
〒321-4217
Mashiko, Haga District, Tochigi Prefecture
Access by Train and Bus
Using Moka Railway
- Get off at “Mashiko Station” on Moka Railway, approximately 25-minute walk (about 2 km)
- Approximately 5 minutes by taxi
Bus Service
- Mashiko Town circulating bus available from Mashiko Station (operates on weekends and holidays)
- Get off at “Saimyoji Entrance” bus stop, approximately 5-minute walk
From Tokyo Area
- Get off at JR Utsunomiya Station and transfer to Moka Railway
- Alternatively, combination of Tsukuba Express from Akihabara Station and Kanto Railroad bus also available
Access by Car
From Joban Expressway
- From Tomobe JCT to Kita-Kanto Expressway
- Exit at Sakuragawa-Chikusei IC and proceed via National Route 50 for approximately 30 minutes
From Tohoku Expressway
- Exit at Moka IC for approximately 20 minutes
- Alternatively, from Tochigi-Tsuga JCT to Kita-Kanto Expressway, exit at Moka IC for approximately 20 minutes
From Kita-Kanto Expressway
- Sakuragawa-Chikusei IC or Moka IC are the nearest exits
Parking
- Free parking available (capacity for approximately 50 regular vehicles)
- Large bus parking available
- Parking for worshippers is provided near the temple ground entrance
Navigation Settings
- Phone number: 0285-72-2957
- Or address: Mashiko, Haga District, Tochigi Prefecture
Visitor Information
Viewing Hours
- Temple grounds open freely (24-hour worship available)
- Sutra inscription office: See above sutra inscription hours
- Main hall viewing: 9:00–16:00 (hours may vary seasonally)
Admission Fee
- Temple ground admission: Free
- Main hall admission: Donation (as you wish)
Time Required
- Temple ground tour only: Approximately 30 minutes
- Thorough viewing: Approximately 1 hour
- Including temple stamp wait time: Approximately 1 hour 30 minutes
Nearby Attractions
Mashiko Kiln Tours
Mashiko Town is famous for “Mashiko ware” pottery. Within a 5–10 minute drive from Saimyoji, there are numerous kilns and galleries where you can purchase works and experience pottery making.
Mashiko Ceramic Art Museum
A museum displaying the history and works of Mashiko ware, approximately 10 minutes by car from Saimyoji.
Michi-no-Eki Mashiko
A roadside station with Mashiko ware sales and local agricultural product direct sales, with dining facilities also well-equipped.
Nature Around Saimyoji
Hiking courses on Takadachi Mountain are available for nature walks. The scenery is particularly beautiful during cherry blossom season in spring and autumn foliage season.
Temple Visiting Etiquette and Tips
Dress Code
There are no strict dress codes, but dress appropriate and respectful for temple worship is desirable. Since the grounds have slopes and stone steps, walking shoes are recommended.
Photography
Photography of temple structures and scenery on the grounds is generally permitted, but photography inside the main hall or of Buddha statues may be prohibited. Confirm before taking photos.
Proper Worship Procedure
- Bow once before passing through the gate tower
- Purify hands and mouth at the water basin
- Worship with joined hands at the main hall
- Receive a temple stamp at the sutra inscription office (deposit stamp book)
- Stroll quietly through the grounds
- Bow once again when leaving
Busy Seasons
- New Year’s holidays (January 1–3)
- Cherry blossom season (early to mid-April)
- Golden Week
- Autumn foliage season (mid to late November)
- Mashiko Pottery Fair periods (spring and autumn)
During these periods, the parking lot may become crowded, so it is recommended to visit with plenty of time to spare.
Summary
Saimyoji is a representative ancient temple of Tochigi Prefecture with a history of nearly 1,300 years and is cherished by many pilgrims as the 20th site of the Bando Thirty-Three Kannon Pilgrimage Route. The three-tiered pagoda, gate tower, and altar shrine within the main hall, designated as nationally important cultural properties, are precious cultural heritages conveying the finest architectural techniques of the Muromachi period to the present day.
With numerous things to see including the rare laughing Enma statue and the Shibuichi Thicket designated as a prefecture-designated natural monument, the temple is recommended not only for history enthusiasts but also for those interested in nature and architecture. Combined with sightseeing in Mashiko Town, famous for Mashiko ware, you can enjoy a more fulfilling trip.
As a Shingon Buzan temple, Saimyoji continues to serve as the spiritual center of the region today. Why not spend a peaceful time on the quiet temple grounds, reflecting on a long and storied history?
